Biographies in An Autobiographical Novel An Onlooker’s Ethic

发布时间：2023-05-06 19:37

　　在20世纪的英国文学中,威廉·萨默塞特·毛姆在广大读者中享有的盛誉与他在文学评论界所遭受的非议形成了鲜明的对比。“毛姆问题”的困扰使得多数研究者囿于对其文学生涯的总体评述。由于缺乏对其代表小说《人性的枷锁》的细化分析,多数研究认为,该作品在结构、人物刻画、结尾及基调方面存在着种种不足。鉴于毛姆在这部自传体成长小说中对于自我实现的伦理关注,本论文将从文学伦理学批评的“现实主义叙事文学的教化作用”观点和规范伦理学中的“幸福实现律”出发,对菲利普·凯里和其朋友的生活展开分析;同时也将运用传记理论中的“关系的自我”观点阐释菲利普的成长与其朋友之间的必然联系,从而达到对该作品伦理价值和艺术缺陷的重新审视。通过解读菲利普的成长经历,本论文指出人们对于自身非理性情感的克服及其对于才、力、命三要素的理性依赖才是实现伦理福祉的正途;而之前的研究者所指出的该小说的不足其实并非毛姆艺术创作的缺陷,而是其伦理思想的必然体现。

【文章页数】：81 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ABSTRACT
摘要
CHAPTER Ⅰ INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER Ⅱ LITERATURE REVIEW
CHAPTER Ⅲ THEROTICAL FRAMEWORK
    3.1 Ethical Literary Criticism and Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.1 An Overview about Ethical Literary Criticism
        3.1.2 Maugham’s Fascination with Ethics
        3.1.3 Ethical Preoccupation in Of Human Bondage
    3.2 “Relational Selves”in Autobiography Theory and “Biographies”in Of Human Bondage
CHAPTER Ⅳ PRIVATION OF HAPPINESS IN EARLY LIFE OF PHILIP CAREY AND HIS CONSEQUENT EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS
    4.1 Parentless and Friendless Unhappy Early Life
    4.2 Philip Carey’s Exploration for Happiness
        4.2.1 Unconscious Efforts to Win Others’Sympathy
        4.2.2 Conscious Exploration for Happiness as an Empathic Onlooker
CHAPTER Ⅴ EXPLORATION FOR HAPPINESS IN EMPATHIC OBSERVATION AND INTROSPECTION
    5.1 Witness of Life Tragedies—Cases of Frustrated Self-Realization in Human Bondages
        5.1.1 Hayward’s Aesthetic Idleness—Lack of Diligence
        5.1.2 Fanny Price’s Blind Confidence in Being Genius —Lack of Talent
        5.1.3 Cronshaw’s Cynical Indulgence—Lack of Ability to Cope With Fortune
    5.2 Frustrated Self-Realization in Imitation and Successful Exploration for Happiness in Introspection
        5.2.1 Blind Imitation of Other People
        5.2.2 Successful Exploration for Happiness in Empathic Observation and Introspection
CHAPTER Ⅵ CONCLUSION
WORKS CITED



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