干旱和半干旱地区维持作物生产的干旱适应技术研究
发布时间：2024-03-09 18:42
干旱对经济,环境和社会都有直接和间接的重大影响,严重制世界雨养干旱和半干旱地区作物生产。本研究旨在探讨将可生物降解塑料膜覆盖(PFM)作为干旱减缓技术应用到加纳和撒哈拉以南的非洲国家的可能性,PFM通过保存水分,保持土壤湿度,抑制杂草生长,增加地温和提高作物耐寒性,从而显著提高作物产量和水利用效率,在过去10年中使用率显著增加。本文通过在中国甘肃和新疆省旱地进行实地调查,同时收集加纳农业数据,比较加纳与中国甘肃和新疆地区的气候、作物、农作系统和社会经济参数并进行成本效益分析,以确定PFM技术的可转移性。研究表明,虽然加纳和中国的气候条件不同,但从6月到9月两国温度条件类似,温度在23℃至32℃之间,属于作物生长季节,适合玉米作物生长发育,同样,降水数据显示,用于研究的加纳北部每年降雨量远远超过了900毫米,中国西北部的降水量小于400毫米,然而在1月至3月以及11月至12月的几个月内,两个国家的平均月降雨模式和强度相同,均在3mm至38mm之间。加纳所有三个地区的月平均日照时数呈现正弦曲线趋势,在年初和年末的时候日照时数达到最高峰,而从七月到九月的减少。这与中国的甘肃和新疆两省不同。一...
【文章页数】：81 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
1.3 RESEARCH PURPOSE
1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES OF AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT
2.2 FARMING SYSTEM IN THE NORTHERN GHANA
2.2.1 Geographic Location and Demographics
2.2.2 Land Use, Vegetation and Soils
2.2.3 Climate and Agro-ecological Zones
2.2.4 Crop Failure and Farm Technology Adoption in Ghana
2.3 FARMING SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST CHINA
2.3.1 Geographic Location and Demographics
2.3.2. Impact of Drought on Agriculture in Northwest and North China
CHAPTER 3 - RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 STUDY AREAS
3.1.1 Data Collection from Ghana
3.1.2 Data Collection in China
3.2 DATA ANALYSIS
3.2.1 Conversion of Daily Sunshine Hour to Percentage Sunshine Hour
3.3 THE CHOICE FOR MAIZE CROP
CHAPTER 4 - RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BETWEEN GHANA AND CHINA
4.1.1 Temperature
4.1.2 Precipitation
4.1.3 Sunshine Hour
4.1.4 Possibility Analysis of Climatic Conditions between Ghana and China
4.2 COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CROPPING SYSTEMS
4.2.1 Type of Crops - Northern Ghana
4.2.2 Growing Season
4.2.3 Planting Density or Population
4.2.4 Seed Variety (Hybrid)
4.2.5 Types Crops in Northwest China
4.2.6 Growing Season in China
4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF FARMERS IN GHANA AND CHINA
4.3.1 Socio-economic Parameters - Ghana
4.3.2 Farmer’s Illiteracy level
4.4 COST – BENEFIT ANALYSIS FOR PLASTIC FILM MULCHING
4.4.1 Decision on Cost-Benefit Analysis of Agricultural Drought Technology Transfer
4.5 JUDGEMENT SYSTEM AND WEIGHTING CRITERIA
4.5.1 Decision Matrix and Weighted Score
4.5.2 Suitability Assessment Based on Growing Season
4.6. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF PLASTIC FILM MULCHING TECHNOLOGY
4.6.1 Agronomic Effects and Benefits
CHAPTER 5 - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCE
APPENDIX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
RESUME
本文编号：3923776
【文章页数】：81 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION
1.1 RESEARCH BACKGROUND
1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT AND SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY
1.3 RESEARCH PURPOSE
1.4 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY
CHAPTER 2 - LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES OF AGRICULTURAL DROUGHT
2.2 FARMING SYSTEM IN THE NORTHERN GHANA
2.2.1 Geographic Location and Demographics
2.2.2 Land Use, Vegetation and Soils
2.2.3 Climate and Agro-ecological Zones
2.2.4 Crop Failure and Farm Technology Adoption in Ghana
2.3 FARMING SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST CHINA
2.3.1 Geographic Location and Demographics
2.3.2. Impact of Drought on Agriculture in Northwest and North China
CHAPTER 3 - RESEARCH METHOD
3.1 STUDY AREAS
3.1.1 Data Collection from Ghana
3.1.2 Data Collection in China
3.2 DATA ANALYSIS
3.2.1 Conversion of Daily Sunshine Hour to Percentage Sunshine Hour
3.3 THE CHOICE FOR MAIZE CROP
CHAPTER 4 - RESULT AND DISCUSSION
4.1 COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CLIMATIC CONDITIONS BETWEEN GHANA AND CHINA
4.1.1 Temperature
4.1.2 Precipitation
4.1.3 Sunshine Hour
4.1.4 Possibility Analysis of Climatic Conditions between Ghana and China
4.2 COMPARATIVE ASSESSMENT OF CROPPING SYSTEMS
4.2.1 Type of Crops - Northern Ghana
4.2.2 Growing Season
4.2.3 Planting Density or Population
4.2.4 Seed Variety (Hybrid)
4.2.5 Types Crops in Northwest China
4.2.6 Growing Season in China
4.3 SOCIO-ECONOMIC FACTORS OF FARMERS IN GHANA AND CHINA
4.3.1 Socio-economic Parameters - Ghana
4.3.2 Farmer’s Illiteracy level
4.4 COST – BENEFIT ANALYSIS FOR PLASTIC FILM MULCHING
4.4.1 Decision on Cost-Benefit Analysis of Agricultural Drought Technology Transfer
4.5 JUDGEMENT SYSTEM AND WEIGHTING CRITERIA
4.5.1 Decision Matrix and Weighted Score
4.5.2 Suitability Assessment Based on Growing Season
4.6. ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION OF PLASTIC FILM MULCHING TECHNOLOGY
4.6.1 Agronomic Effects and Benefits
CHAPTER 5 - CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 CONCLUSION
5.2 RECOMMENDATION
REFERENCE
APPENDIX
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
RESUME
本文编号：3923776
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