The Dynamic Link between Trade Openness,FDI and Economic Gro

发布时间：2022-06-02 23:04

　　目的:近几十年来,不稳定的政治意愿导致经济的长期波动使巴基斯坦倒退。由于巴基斯坦陷入经济竞赛,它必须决定需要做些什么来实现经济增长。工业政策的自由化是吸引外国投资和赶上一国快速增长不可或缺的支柱。这项研究旨在量化外国直接投资和贸易自由化对巴基斯坦各部门和分部门的严重影响。这项研究进一步审查了贸易开放和外国直接投资是否对经济增长产生影响。本文重点分析了贸易开放对巴基斯坦14个部门和子行业增长率的影响。设计/方法/方法:该研究获得了 1981年至2018年基于分类部门的数据。由于它是时间序列数据,最初对静态数据进行了检查,以选择适当的分析。大多数指标在ADF（增强型迪基-富勒）测试中处于静止状态,因此在水平上保持稳定。ARDL（自回归分布滞后）模型已经证明,由于一系列静止,性能更好的时间序列数据,谎言,以识别共同集成向量。ARDL模型有助于驱动纠错模型（ECM）,实现简单的线性变换,将短期调整与长期均衡相结合,而不会避免长期信息损失。绑定测试方法已采用检查长期共同集成的方法。此外,亨德里（2005年）方法一般到具体用于达到长期估计。还检查了纠错模型（ECM）,以确定其长期路径中每个感兴趣变... 

【文章页数】：189 页

【学位级别】：博士

【文章目录】：
Abstract
中文摘要
Chapter 1 Introduction
    1.1 Introduction
    1.2 Background of the Study
        1.2.1 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1950s
        1.2.2 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1960s
        1.2.3 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1970s
        1.2.4 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1980s
        1.2.5 Synergies between economic growth and trade liberalization in 1988s
    1.3 Problem Statement
        1.3.1 Predicament of Pakistan's Sectors
    1.4 Research Objectives and Questions
    1.5 Significance and Contribution of the Study
    1.6 Structure of the Study
Chapter 2 Literature Review
    2.1 Literature Review
    2.2 Economic Drivers
        2.2.1 Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) and Sectoral growth
        2.2.2 Inflation impact on Sectoral Development
        2.2.3 Impact of Exports and Trade Openness
        2.2.4 Impact of Imports and Trade Openness
        2.2.5 Trade Balance, Deficit and Growth
    2.3 Pakistan in the Context of Developing Economy at the Sectoral Level
        2.3.1 Agricultural Sector and Economic Contribution
        2.3.2 Industrial Sector and Economic Contribution
        2.3.3 Service Sector and Economic Contribution
    2.4 Role of Economic Growth Drivers in the Context of Pakistan
        2.4.1 Impact of FDI on Economic Growth
        2.4.2 Inflation's Impact on Economic Growth
        2.4.3 Impact of Export on Economic Growth
        2.4.4 Impact of Import and Economic Growth
        2.4.5 Pakistan Trade Balance and Economic Growth
    2.5 Conceptual Framework
    2.6 Research Hypothesis
    2.7 Theoretical Foundations
        2.7.1 Balanced Growth Theory
        2.7.2 Unified Growth Theory
Chapter 3 Research Methodology
    3.1 Econometric Tools, Data, and Methodology
    3.2 Methodology
        3.2.1 Unit Root Test
        3.2.2 Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test (DF):The Test of Stationarity
        3.2.3 Co-Integration
        3.2.4 Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) Model
        3.2.5 Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL):A Simple Model
        3.2.6 The Vector Error-Correction Model (VECM)
        3.2.7 Impulse response Analysis
Chapter 4 Results and Discussion
    4.1 Results
        4.1.1 Trade Openness, FDI, and Growth: A Descriptive Analysis
    4.2 Stationarity/Non-Stationarity of Variables
        4.2.1 Unit Root Test without Log Variables
    4.3 Co-Integration with Engle-Granger Method
    4.4 Co-Integration and Error Correction
    4.5 Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model
    4.6 Model 1: Trade Openness, FDI, and Economic Growth of Pakistan
    4.7 Model 2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Agricultural Sector of Pakistan
        4.7.1 Model 2.1: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Crops in Pakistan
        4.7.2 Model 2.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Livestock Sector in Pakistan
        4.7.3 Model 2.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Forestry Sector in Pakistan
        4.7.4 Model 2.4: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Fishing Sector in Pakistan
    4.8 Model 3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Industrial Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.1 Model 3.1 FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Mining Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.2 Model 3.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Power Sector of Pakistan
        4.8.3 Model 3.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Construction Sector of Pakistan
    4.9 Model 4: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Services Sector of Pakistan
        4.9.1 Model 4.1: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Wholesale & Retail Trade Sector ofPakistan
        4.9.2 Model 4.2: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Transport, Storage, andCommunication Sector of Pakistan
        4.9.3 Model 4.3: FDI, Trade Openness and Growth of Banking, Finance, and InsuranceSectors of Pakistan
    4.10 Conclusion
Chapter 5 Conclusion
    5.1 Conclusion and Policy Implications
    5.2 Limitations
References
Acknowledgement
Appendix
    Appendix A-Detailed Results of Model 1
    Appendix B-Detailed Results of Model 2
    Appendix C-Detailed Results of Model 2.1
    Appendix D-Detailed Results of Model 2.2
    Appendix E-Detailed Results of Model 2.3
    Appendix F-Detailed Results of Model 2.4
    Appendix G-Detailed Results of Model 3
    Appendix H-Detailed Results of Model 3.1
    Appendix I-Detailed Results of Model 3.2
    Appendix J-Detailed Results of Model 3.3
    Appendix K-Detailed Results of Model 4
    Appendix L-Detailed Results of Model 4.1
    Appendix M-Detailed Results of Model 4.2
    Appendix N-Detailed Results of Model 4.3
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