南方地区分布式供能系统优化配置与综合评价研究

发布时间：2018-01-02 20:10

本文关键词：南方地区分布式供能系统优化配置与综合评价研究　出处：《中国科学院研究生院（工程热物理研究所）》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国南方地区能源消费巨大、环境形势严峻,分布式供能技术对南方地区合理用能、节能减排具有重要价值。本文以系统优化配置模型为基础,针对南方地区五种典型建筑物,开展了基于小燃机、微燃机和内燃机的分布式热电冷联供系统的优化配置与综合评价研究。论文主要工作如下： (1)建立了燃气轮机、燃气内燃机、吸收式制冷机、余热／燃气锅炉、电压缩式制冷机和蓄能装置等分布式供能系统主要设备的热力、经济、排放数学模型,给出了经济、能源利用率、环境影响和调峰性能等系统综合评价指标。在所建的热力模型中,各主要设备考虑了部分负荷率的影响及最大、最小出力的限制,燃气轮机还考虑环境温度的影响,为对分布式供能系统进行准确分析和评价奠定了基础。 (2)基于超结构建模方法,构建了一种可实现系统结构、离散设备台数和容量、运行规律同步优化的分布式联供系统优化配置模型。通过将非线性约束条件等价线性化处理,有效解决了规模庞大的混合整数非线性规划问题的求解难题。此优化配置模型为分布式供能系统的选型优化和综合评价提供了一个有效手段。 (3)在南方地区气候特点及能源价格体系下,针对办公楼、商场、居民住宅、酒店和医院五种典型建筑物,进行了基于小燃机、微燃机和内燃机的分布式供能系统优化配置与综合评价研究。结果表明,除居民住宅外,其它四种建筑物均适合应用分布式供能技术,其中酒店和医院最为适宜。对于三种主机,内燃机系统的经济性要优于燃气轮机系统；两种燃气轮机系统各有特点,其中小燃机合适的功率范围在4～5MW。 (4)运用单因素敏感性分析方法,分别考察了能源价格、多余电力上网政策以及主机价格对系统优化配置及其性能的影响。运用蒙特卡罗模拟方法,综合研究了多种不确定性因素的影响。结果表明,影响系统经济性的最重要因素为天然气价和电负荷,南方地区天然气价格较高,会阻碍分布式供能系统的发展；多余电力上网政策会对系统性能产生一定的影响,但并非关键影响因素；主机价格的降低可有效缩短回收期。本文形成的数据、结果和结论可为分布式供能技术在南方地区的应用和发展提供一定的参考。
[Abstract]:The energy consumption in southern China is huge and the environmental situation is severe. Distributed energy supply technology is of great value to the rational use of energy, energy saving and emission reduction in southern China. This paper is based on the system optimal allocation model. For five typical buildings in southern China, the optimal configuration and comprehensive evaluation of distributed heat, electricity and cooling systems based on small gas turbine, micro gas engine and internal combustion engine are studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: The main equipments of the distributed energy supply system, such as gas turbine, gas combustion engine, absorption refrigerator, waste heat / gas boiler, electric compression refrigerator and energy storage device, are established. The comprehensive evaluation indexes of economy, energy efficiency, environmental impact and peak-shaving performance are given. In the thermodynamic model, the influence of partial load rate and the maximum load rate are taken into account in the thermal model. The limitation of the minimum output force and the consideration of the influence of environmental temperature on the gas turbine have laid a foundation for the accurate analysis and evaluation of the distributed energy supply system. Based on the superstructure modeling method, a realizable system structure, discrete equipment number and capacity is constructed. The optimal configuration model of distributed co-supply system based on synchronous optimization of operation law. The nonlinear constraint condition is linearized by equivalent method. The problem of solving the large scale mixed integer nonlinear programming problem is effectively solved, and this optimal configuration model provides an effective means for the selection, optimization and comprehensive evaluation of distributed energy supply systems. Under the climate characteristics and energy price system in the southern region, five typical buildings, such as office building, shopping mall, residential building, hotel and hospital, are based on small gas turbine. The research on the optimal configuration and comprehensive evaluation of distributed energy supply system for micro gas turbine and internal combustion engine. The results show that the other four kinds of buildings are suitable for the application of distributed energy supply technology except residential buildings. For the three main engines, the economy of internal combustion engine system is better than that of gas turbine system. The two gas turbine systems have their own characteristics, in which the suitable power range of small gas turbine is 4 ~ 5 MW. 4) the effects of energy price, redundant power policy and host price on the optimal configuration and performance of the system are investigated by using the single factor sensitivity analysis method, and the Monte Carlo simulation method is used. The results show that the most important factors affecting the system economy are gas price and electricity load, and the natural gas price is higher in southern region. It will hinder the development of distributed energy supply system; Redundant power access policy will have a certain impact on the performance of the system, but not a key factor; The reduction of mainframe price can effectively shorten the payback period. The data, results and conclusions obtained in this paper can provide some references for the application and development of distributed energy supply technology in southern China.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院（工程热物理研究所）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU8

【参考文献】