三维地震地质建模方法在B区的应用研究

发布时间：2018-05-03 13:43

本文选题：三维地质模型 + Kriging插值　；参考：《中国地质大学(北京)》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：三维地震地质模型主要通过地球物理勘探数据和现代可视化技术建立,具有成像精度高、空间性强及能反映真实地下情况的特点。地质模型可以在进行地震处理及分析方面极大地减轻工作量,同时对地下储层参数分布进行更加量化、精确地描述,因此在石油勘探领域具有广泛的应用。B区位于BN油田西部,具有优越的成藏条件和储集性能,但其开发难点是如何寻找越来越隐蔽的油气藏,而简单地提高地震采样密度会造成投入浪费。故需要进行观测系统参数与地质特征敏感性分析,而建立研究区的三维地质模型,对敏感性研究具有理论指导意义。论文通过对研究区概况以及地震、测井和地质资料进行分析,首先利用Kriging插值算法建立常规地质模型。即通过地震解释层位做横向约束,以地质和测井相关资料作纵向上控制,进行内插外推得到地质模型。此常规建模方法存在研究区地质复杂情况下模型精度不高的问题。在常规地质模型基础上,利用地震资料具有反映地下空间分布的中频信息特点,通过地震数据对常规模型进行约束反演,并将生成的波阻抗数据体拟合出模型所需信息,最终合成常规和拟合后的模型得到优化三维地质模型。优化建模方法可以减小层位解释误差对建模的影响,处理后的模型精度变高,并能反映复杂地层和构造精细变化。对构建的优化三维地质模型进行多维度定性与定量评价分析,包括地震数据匹配性、测井曲线吻合度、断面识别、属性平面特征及正演模拟单炮分析等。构建的优化地质模型能精确地反映地下空间展布和复杂构造情况,符合进行后续退化处理和解释评价的要求,对进行观测系统参数与地质特征敏感性分析研究提供了理论指导和基础。
[Abstract]:The 3D seismic geological model is mainly established by geophysical exploration data and modern visualization technology. It has the characteristics of high imaging accuracy, strong spatial and can reflect the real underground situation. The geological model can greatly reduce the workload in seismic processing and analysis, and at the same time, the distribution of underground reservoir parameters can be more quantified and accurately described. Therefore, area B is widely used in the field of oil exploration in the western part of BN oilfield. It has excellent reservoir forming conditions and reservoir performance, but the difficulty of its development is how to find more and more subtle oil and gas reservoirs, and simply increasing seismic sampling density will cause waste of investment. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the sensitivity of observation system parameters and geological characteristics, and the establishment of three-dimensional geological model in the study area is of theoretical significance to the sensitivity study. Based on the analysis of the general situation of the study area and seismic, logging and geological data, the conventional geological model is established by using the Kriging interpolation algorithm. The geological model is obtained by using seismic interpretation horizon as horizontal constraint and geological and logging data as longitudinal control and extrapolation. This conventional modeling method has the problem that the model accuracy is not high under the complicated geological conditions in the study area. On the basis of the conventional geological model, using seismic data with the characteristics of intermediate frequency information reflecting the distribution of underground space, the conventional model is inversed by seismic data, and the generated wave impedance data body is fitted to the information needed by the model. Finally, the conventional and fitted models are synthesized to obtain the optimized three-dimensional geological model. The optimized modeling method can reduce the influence of the horizon interpretation error on the modeling, and the precision of the model after processing becomes higher, and it can reflect the fine changes of complex strata and structures. The multi-dimensional qualitative and quantitative evaluation and analysis of the optimized 3D geological model are carried out, including seismic data matching, log curve coincidence, section identification, attribute plane characteristics and forward simulation single shot analysis, and so on. The optimized geological model can accurately reflect the distribution of underground space and complex structures and meet the requirements of subsequent degradation treatment and interpretation and evaluation. It provides theoretical guidance and foundation for the sensitivity analysis of observation system parameters and geological characteristics.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P631.4

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