计算机辅助天文定位误差分析
发布时间：2018-08-24 11:51
【摘要】：天文定位作为重要的备用航海系统有着无可比拟的优势。计算机辅助天文航海定位可以很快的计算复杂方程，可以实现快速和准确的定位。本文着重分析了天文定位中常见误差，仪器误差，影响观测高度因素误差，以及单天体定位，双天体定位和三天体定位中的船位误差，并对上述误差进行了准确的修正，建立了相应的修正方程，使定位误差进一步的减小。并根据球面三角形原理，建立了单天体定位，双天体定位和三天体定位的数学模型，并对数学模型的正确性和有效性做了检验，最后编制了计算机辅助天文定位的程序。 随着仿真技术的发展，本文将误差分析与仿真技术相结合，我们可以很清楚的分析误差大小的变化。通过对产生的误差源进行分析和分类，建立对应的修正方程，减少误差，使定位精度进一步提高，计算的精度更加接近GPS值，定位的精度增加了2′㧟3′，使误差对天文航海的影响将减小，船位的位置精度得到提高，，天文航海迎来新的发展机遇。 通过对误差分析计算，我们可以得到更加准确的观测高度和更加准确的船位，并通过对不同定位原理的分析和程序的编制，可以很快实现定位计算，天文定位的实时性得到了保证。 计算机辅助天文定位的程序界面的搭建，实现了人机交互化，创建了天文航海的实验平台，并逐步实现航海的自动化和现代化。
[Abstract]:As an important standby navigation system, astronomical positioning has unparalleled advantages. Computer aided astronomical navigation positioning can quickly calculate complex equations and realize fast and accurate positioning. In this paper, the common errors in astronomical positioning, the instrument errors, the errors of the factors affecting the observation height, and the errors of ship position in the positioning of single celestial bodies, double celestial bodies and three celestial bodies are emphatically analyzed, and the above errors are corrected accurately. The corresponding correction equation is established to further reduce the positioning error. According to the principle of spherical triangle, the mathematical models of single celestial body positioning, double celestial body positioning and three celestial body positioning are established, and the correctness and validity of the mathematical model are tested. Finally, the computer aided astronomical positioning program is worked out. With the development of simulation technology, this paper combines error analysis with simulation technology, and we can clearly analyze the change of error. Through the analysis and classification of the error source, the corresponding correction equation is established, the error is reduced, the positioning accuracy is further improved, the accuracy of calculation is closer to the GPS value, and the positioning accuracy is increased by 2 times. The influence of error on astronomical navigation will be reduced, the position accuracy of ship position will be improved, and the astronomical navigation will face a new development opportunity. Through the error analysis and calculation, we can get more accurate observation altitude and more accurate ship position, and through the analysis of different positioning principles and the programming of the program, we can quickly realize the positioning calculation. The real time of astronomical positioning is guaranteed. The construction of computer aided astronomical positioning program interface realizes man-machine interaction, establishes the experimental platform of astronomical navigation, and realizes the automation and modernization of navigation step by step.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U666.13
本文编号：2200744
[Abstract]:As an important standby navigation system, astronomical positioning has unparalleled advantages. Computer aided astronomical navigation positioning can quickly calculate complex equations and realize fast and accurate positioning. In this paper, the common errors in astronomical positioning, the instrument errors, the errors of the factors affecting the observation height, and the errors of ship position in the positioning of single celestial bodies, double celestial bodies and three celestial bodies are emphatically analyzed, and the above errors are corrected accurately. The corresponding correction equation is established to further reduce the positioning error. According to the principle of spherical triangle, the mathematical models of single celestial body positioning, double celestial body positioning and three celestial body positioning are established, and the correctness and validity of the mathematical model are tested. Finally, the computer aided astronomical positioning program is worked out. With the development of simulation technology, this paper combines error analysis with simulation technology, and we can clearly analyze the change of error. Through the analysis and classification of the error source, the corresponding correction equation is established, the error is reduced, the positioning accuracy is further improved, the accuracy of calculation is closer to the GPS value, and the positioning accuracy is increased by 2 times. The influence of error on astronomical navigation will be reduced, the position accuracy of ship position will be improved, and the astronomical navigation will face a new development opportunity. Through the error analysis and calculation, we can get more accurate observation altitude and more accurate ship position, and through the analysis of different positioning principles and the programming of the program, we can quickly realize the positioning calculation. The real time of astronomical positioning is guaranteed. The construction of computer aided astronomical positioning program interface realizes man-machine interaction, establishes the experimental platform of astronomical navigation, and realizes the automation and modernization of navigation step by step.
【学位授予单位】：天津理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U666.13
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本文编号：2200744
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