气候地球工程的道德反思

发布时间：2018-10-26 12:09

【摘要】：当前,人类面临着全球气候变化的严峻挑战,无论情愿与否,气候变化的全球性在客观上已经将世界各国纳入应对气候变化的行列,但在当前世界各国利益博弈激烈,世界气候谈判陷入僵局的情况下,气候地球工程作为一种能够有效减缓气候变化,并能够被一个国家或组织单方面实施的备选方案,越来越受到人们的关注。但和气候变化问题一样,气候地球工程的研究和实施也是全球性的,气候地球工程技术本身在研究、开发和实施过程中,也会引发一系列的政治、经济、社会和伦理问题。从结构上看,本文共分五个部分：前言部分主要介绍本文的研究背景,概述气候地球工程的国内外研究现状,陈述本文的研究方法、思路及创新之处；第二部分着重从气候地球工程的认识论、自然观和科技观来分析其价值根源；第三部分对气候地球工程的潜在影响及及其面临的道德风险加以介绍,并对当前存在的应对这些风险的方案进行审视和剖析；第四部分在第三部分的分析基础上,从对气候地球工程的道德维度和道德风险出发,探索气候地球工程的道德转向；文章的最后一部分试图对气候地球工程的研究道德和应用原则进行探索,主张人们对气候地球工程技术的应用应该秉持极为谨慎的原则,气候地球工程技术的研究不应模糊各国在减排方面的责任,各国应该进一步加强彼此之间的合作,为应对气候变化而共同努力。气候地球工程是一种预防性的措施,我们应当支持其技术的研发,但气候地球工程需要实现生态学的转向,遵循整体主义原则,以协调人与自然之间的关系为最终目标,从数量化、还原论的科学转向理解性、整体性的科学,从征服性、扩张性的技术转向调适性的技术。
[Abstract]:At present, mankind is facing the severe challenge of global climate change. Whether it is willing or not, the global climate change has objectively brought the world countries into the ranks of the response to climate change, but at present the interests of all countries in the world are in a fierce game. With the deadlock in the world climate negotiations, climate geo-engineering, as an alternative that can effectively mitigate climate change and be implemented unilaterally by a country or organization, has attracted more and more attention. However, as with climate change, the research and implementation of climate geo-engineering is global. In the process of research, development and implementation of climate geo-engineering technology, it will cause a series of political, economic, social and ethical issues. From the structural point of view, this paper is divided into five parts: the preface mainly introduces the research background of this paper, summarizes the domestic and foreign research status of climate geoengineering, describes the research methods, ideas and innovations of this paper; The second part focuses on the epistemology, natural view and scientific and technological view of climate geo-engineering to analyze its value root. The third part introduces the potential impacts of climate geoengineering and the moral hazard it faces, and examines and analyzes the existing solutions to these risks. The fourth part, based on the analysis of the third part, explores the moral turn of climate geoengineering from the moral dimension and moral hazard of climate geo-engineering. In the last part of the paper, we try to explore the research ethics and application principles of climate geo-engineering, and advocate that people should adhere to the principle of extreme caution in the application of climate geoengineering technology. Research on climate geoengineering technology should not obscure the responsibilities of countries in reducing emissions. Countries should further strengthen their cooperation and work together to combat climate change. Climate geoengineering is a preventive measure, and we should support the development of its technology, but climate geo-engineering needs to achieve an ecological shift, guided by the principle of holism, with the ultimate goal of reconciling the relationship between nature and climate geoengineering. From the science of quantification and reductionism to the science of understanding, the science of wholeness, from the technology of conquest and expansion to the technology of adaptability.
【学位授予单位】：南京信息工程大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P467

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