哈尔滨市优先发展城市公共交通的政策研究

发布时间：2018-01-01 22:34

本文关键词：哈尔滨市优先发展城市公共交通的政策研究　出处：《哈尔滨商业大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：城市公共交通作为城市发展的重要基础设施之一,关系着人民群众的生活乃至国家的经济发展。目前,城市公共交通问题已经成为全世界各个城市共同关注的问题,国内外各大城市基本上都存在着公交道路拥挤、基础设施落后、公交事件频发等诸多问题,不仅直接加大了人民的出行成本,而且还会过度消耗能源,造成环境污染。因此,优先发展城市公共交通成为各大城市可持续发展的重大命题,关系着城市经济、社会和环境的协调。哈尔滨市作为黑龙江省会城市,人口数量众多,面临人口密度大、资源短缺、环境恶化、城市交通拥挤等诸多压力,解决哈尔滨市的公共交通问题已经成为哈尔滨市相关部门的重要工作之一。优先发展城市公共交通成为解决哈尔滨市公共交通问题的重要途径。通过对哈尔滨市城市公共交通公共政策的设计来深入发掘公共政策对哈尔滨市公共交通发展的理论意义与价值。同时可以减少因哈尔滨市交通拥堵所引发的社会问题,对城市公共交通发展具有一定的指导意义和参考价值。利用文献分析、比较分析、实证分析等研究方法,以政府管制及外部性理论、政府公共服务理论、城市可持续发展理论等为依据,在阐述相关概念及重要意义的基础上首先分析了哈尔滨市公共交通政策现状及问题,通过分析得出哈尔滨市公共交通政策存在政府对公交优先发展的贯彻和执行不足、公交市场准入和退出政策不完善、对城市公交的营运管理政策不规范、对城市公交行车安全政策不到位、公交场站设施建设和管理不完善等诸多问题,并分析了问题产生的原因；然后阐述了纽约市公共交通智能化的政策管理经验、东京市发达的城市公共交通网政策经验、库里蒂巴市大力发展BRT快速公交网络政策经验,香港轨道交通与地面公交并重的政策经验、北京市公交公益性事业及服务定位的政策经验、上海市发展公交综合治理模式的政策经验,并得出制订以公共交通为导向的发展战略、建立健全公交管理体制及法规体系、建立交通需求管理及评价制度、充分发挥政府在城市公交发展中的职责作用、不断提高城市公交服务的水平等启示；最后针对以上问题,借鉴国内外成功经验,提出了哈尔滨市优先发展城市公共交通的政策重点和建议。政策重点包括编制完善的城市公共交通发展规划、优化公交运营结构和公交线网布局、加快公交基础设施建设、推进公交科技发展和节能减排、提高公交运营质量和服务水平等；政策建议包括加快对公交优先发展政策的贯彻和执行、建立科学合理的公交市场准入和退出政策、规范城市公交的营运管理政策、加强公交车营运安全管理政策、加快场站设施建设并规范场站管理等。
[Abstract]:City public traffic is one of the important infrastructure of city development, relations with the people's life and the development of the national economy. At present, the city public traffic problem has become the common concern of city problem all over the world, the major domestic and foreign city basically there are bus congestion, poor infrastructure, many problems of public incidents so, not only directly increase people's travel costs, but also the excessive consumption of energy and environmental pollution. Therefore, giving priority to the development of city public transport has become a major proposition of each big city sustainable development, the relationship between city economic, social and environmental harmony. Harbin is the capital city of Heilongjiang Province, a large number of population, with high population density, the shortage of resources, deterioration of the environment, city traffic congestion and other pressure, solve Harbin city public traffic problem has become Harbin One of the most important work of the relevant departments of the city. Prior to the development of city public transportation has become an important way to solve the problem of public traffic in Harbin city. Through the design of urban public traffic of Harbin city public policy to explore the public policy on the development of public traffic in Harbin City the theoretical meaning and value. At the same time can reduce the social problems caused by traffic congestion in Harbin and has a certain guiding significance and reference value on the development of city public transport.
The use of literature, comparative analysis, empirical analysis and other research methods, the government regulation and the externality theory, public service theory, on the basis of city sustainable development theory, based on expounding the concepts and significance of the first analysis of the Harbin city public traffic situation and policy issues, through the analysis of Harbin City public transportation policy implementation and enforcement of the government to give priority to the development of public transport, bus market entry and exit policy is not perfect, the city bus operation management policy is not standardized, not in place of the city public traffic safety policy, many problems in the construction and management of the bus station facilities is not perfect, and analyzes the causes of the problem; and then describes the New York City Public Transport Intelligent policy management experience, Tokyo city developed city public transportation network policy experience, large capacity of Curitiba city BRT Rapid transit network policy experience, both Hongkong rail transit and ground transportation policy experience, Beijing city public welfare undertakings and service orientation policy experience, comprehensive management mode of public transportation development of Shanghai City, policy experience, and come to formulate development strategy guided by the public traffic, establish and improve the public transport management system and regulation system, establish the traffic demand management and evaluation system, give full play to the role of the government responsibility in the city bus development, and constantly improve the city bus service level of enlightenment; finally in view of the above problems, learn from the successful experience abroad, put forward the policy suggestions and focus on giving priority to the development of city public traffic in Harbin city. The key policy including the preparation of city public transportation development planning the operation optimization of bus structure and bus line network layout, accelerate the transportation infrastructure construction, promote the development of science and technology and bus Energy saving and emission reduction, improve bus operation quality and service level; policy suggestions include speeding up the development of bus priority to implement and enforce policies, establish scientific and reasonable public market access and exit policy, standard of city bus operation management policy, to strengthen the bus operation safety management policy, speeding up the station facilities and standardized management station.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨商业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F512.7

【共引文献】